Gastric ulcers, also referred to as stomach ulcers, are painful lesions found in the stomach lining and belong to the category of peptic ulcer disease, which encompasses ulcers affecting both the stomach and small intestines. The development of stomach ulcers occurs when the protective layer of mucus guarding the stomach from digestive acids diminishes. This reduction exposes the stomach tissues to the corrosive action of digestive juices, leading to the formation of ulcers. While stomach ulcers can be effectively treated, neglecting proper intervention may result in their progression to a more severe state. These ulcers can manifest various symptoms and often necessitate medical intervention under the best gastrologist in ahmedabad for optimal management. The following provides an overview of the causes, symptoms, and therapeutic approaches for gastric ulcers:
Causes of Gastric Ulcer – Insights of Gastro Surgeon:
- Helicobacter Pylori (H.Pylori) Infection:
This prevalent bacterial infection impacts around half of the global population, primarily residing in the stomach. While it remains asymptomatic in many individuals, as their gut immune systems effectively regulate it, a subset of those infected experiences an overgrowth of H. pylori. In such cases, the bacteria proliferate, eroding the stomach lining and triggering persistent inflammation and peptic ulcer disease. H. pylori infection is linked to approximately 60% of duodenal ulcers and 40% of gastric ulcers.
- Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs):
NSAID stands for widely used over-the-counter pain relief medications like ibuprofen, naproxen, and aspirin. The mechanism through which NSAIDs contribute to ulcers involves both direct irritation of the stomach lining upon contact and the suppression of certain chemicals responsible for protecting and repairing the mucous lining. Regular use of NSAIDs leads to peptic ulcers in up to 30% of individuals, and overuse of these medications is responsible for up to 50% of all peptic ulcers.
- Excessive stomach acid Production:
Conditions leading to excessive stomach acid production, such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, can contribute to the development of ulcers. It is an uncommon condition characterised by an abnormal increase in gastric acid production, leading to an excess of stomach acid.
- Stress and lifestyle factor:
Although stress on its own does not directly cause ulcers, it can play a role in their formation, along with lifestyle factors such as an inadequate diet. Intense illnesses, burns, or injuries can trigger stress ulcers in the stomach. Physiological stress alters the body’s pH balance, leading to an increase in stomach acid. Stress ulcers manifest rapidly in response to stress, in contrast to regular stomach ulcers, which develop more gradually.
- Smoking:
The likelihood of developing ulcers increases with smoking cigarettes and consuming alcohol. Contrary to previous beliefs, stress and the consumption of spicy food do not directly cause ulcers, but they can exacerbate and complicate the treatment of existing ulcers.
Symptoms Of Gastric Ulcer:
Stomach ulcers manifest with various symptoms, and their intensity is contingent on the severity of the ulcer. The predominant symptom is a burning or painful sensation located in the middle of the abdomen, positioned between the chest and belly button. Typically, this pain intensifies when the stomach is empty and may persist for minutes to several hours.
Other prevalent indicators of ulcers encompass:
- Dull stomach pain
- Weight loss
- Loss of appetite due to pain
- Nausea or vomiting
- Bloating
- Premature feeling of fullness
- Burping or acid reflux
- Heartburn (a burning sensation in the chest)
- Pain that may alleviate with eating, drinking, or taking antacids
- Anaemia, characterised by symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, or paleness
- Dark, tarry stools
- Bloody Vomit or resembles coffee grounds
It is advisable to consult with a gastroenterologist in Ahmedabad if experiencing any symptoms indicative of a stomach ulcer. Despite mild discomfort, untreated ulcers can exacerbate, and bleeding ulcers may pose life-threatening risks.
Healing Strategies for Gastric Ulcer By Gastroenterologist in ahmedabad
- LIfestyle Changes:
Dietary Modification: Individuals with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) are advised to maintain a balanced and healthy diet. Increasing meal frequency or consuming higher quantities of milk and dairy products is not beneficial, as these changes may potentially elevate stomach acid levels. It is recommended to avoid foods and beverages that cause discomfort, such as alcohol, coffee, caffeinated sodas, fatty foods, chocolate, and spicy foods. Late-night snacks should also be avoided.
Quit Smoking: If you smoke or chew tobacco, quitting is essential, as tobacco can impede ulcer healing and increase the risk of recurrence. Consult with expert psychiatry for assistance in quitting tobacco use.
Stress Management: Work on reducing stress levels and adopting effective stress management techniques.
Avoid Certain Drugs: Refrain from using drugs like aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), or naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn). Instead, use acetaminophen (Tylenol) for pain relief, and ensure you take all medications with an ample amount of water.
- Medications:
The standard treatment for peptic ulcers and H. pylori infections typically involves a combination of medications taken over 5 to 14 days. This usually includes two types of antibiotics and a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). Be aware of potential side effects, and do not discontinue medications without consulting a Gastroenterologist in Ahmedabad.
For ulcers without an H. pylori infection or those caused by aspirin or NSAIDs, a proton pump inhibitor is usually prescribed for an 8-week duration. Antacids taken between meals and before bedtime may also contribute to healing—discuss these options with a Gastro Surgeon.
- Follow-up:
Regular follow-up visits at Gastro surgeon are recommended to assess the healing progress, especially if the ulcer was located in the stomach. An upper endoscopy may be performed after treatment to ensure healing and rule out any signs of cancer.
Follow-up testing is necessary to confirm the eradication of H. pylori bacteria, typically conducted at least 2 weeks after completing therapy for accurate results.
When to Seek Medical Attention To Best Gastrologist in Ahmedabad:
Immediate medical attention is necessary if you experience:
- Sudden, sharp abdominal pain
- A rigid, hard abdomen that is tender to the touch
- Symptoms of shock, such as fainting, excessive sweating, or confusion
- Vomiting blood
- Blood in your stool (maroon, dark, or tarry black stools)
Contact gastroenterologist in ahmedabad if you:
- Feel dizzy or light-headed
- Experience ulcer symptoms
- Feel full after eating a small meal portion
- Encounter unintentional weight loss
- Vomit
- Lose your appetite
Conclusion:
While stomach ulcers are prevalent and can be effectively treated, it is crucial to approach them with seriousness. Even in the absence of noticeable symptoms, a stomach ulcer is indicative of an imbalance, where your natural stomach acid is overpowering the protective stomach lining. This situation can deteriorate if not properly addressed. While lifestyle adjustments may offer relief, it is essential to address the underlying cause, which is often linked to NSAID use or a common bacterial infection. Seeking guidance from a gastro surgeon is advisable to receive appropriate prescriptions tailored to your condition.
